Review



mouse lipocalin  (R&D Systems)


Bioz Verified Symbol R&D Systems is a verified supplier
Bioz Manufacturer Symbol R&D Systems manufactures this product  
  • Logo
  • About
  • News
  • Press Release
  • Team
  • Advisors
  • Partners
  • Contact
  • Bioz Stars
  • Bioz vStars
  • 95

    Structured Review

    R&D Systems mouse lipocalin
    Mouse Lipocalin, supplied by R&D Systems, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 95/100, based on 149 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/ngal/Mouse+Lipocalin-2%2FNGAL+Quantikine+ELISA+Kit/pm41987381-41-19-23
    Average 95 stars, based on 149 article reviews
    mouse lipocalin - by Bioz Stars, 2026-09
    95/100 stars

    Images

    Related Articles

    Recombinant:

    Article Title: Development and provisional validation of a multiplex LC-MRM-MS test for timely kidney injury detection in urine
    Article Snippet: Recombinant SLC22A2 (Cat. Nr. H00006582-P01) was from Abnova (Taipei, Taiwan). .. Recombinant nephrin (Cat. Nr. 9399-NN-050) and biotinylated polyclonal antibodies against human TIMP2 (Cat. Nr. BAF971), IGFBP7 (Cat. Nr. BAF1334), KIM-1 (Cat. Nr. BAF1750), NGAL (Cat. Nr. BAF1757), CXCL9 (Cat. Nr. BAF392), cubilin (Cat. Nr. BAF3700), TGF-β1 (Cat. Nr. BAF246) and nephrin (Cat. Nr. BAF4269), were purchased from R&D systems (Minneapolis, Mn, USA). .. Recombinant KIM-1 (Cat. Nr. LS-G97633) was from LS Biologicals (Seattle, WA, USA) and recombinant CXCL9 (Cat. Nr. ab151917) and 3 TGF-β1 (Cat. Nr. ab50038) were from Abcam (Cambridge, UK).

    SDS Page:

    Article Title: Mac-1 Promotes Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Formation via ERK Phosphorylation in Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury.
    Article Snippet: Proteins from kidney tissue, BMDN, or culture supernatant were extracted using radioimmunoprecipitation assay (RIPA) lysis buffer (20–188, Sigma-Aldrich, USA) supplemented with a protease and phosphatase inhibitor cocktail (P002, 1:100 dilutions, NCM Biotech, China). .. After SDS-PAGE and transfer to PVDF membranes, proteins were incubated overnight at 4 °C with primary antibodies, including NGAL (1:1000, AF1757, R&D Systems, USA), CitH3 (1:1000, ab5103, Abcam, USA), ERK1/2 (1:10,000, ab184699, Abcam, USA), and phospho-ERK1 (T202)/ERK2 (T185) (1:1000, ab201015, Abcam, USA). ..

    Article Title: Pharmacological role of MLN4924 in cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury.
    Article Snippet: Background: Cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury (Cis-AKI) is a major complication that limits the clinical use of cisplatin, largely due to its cytotoxic effects on renal tubular epithelial cells.. Recent studies have shown that MLN4924, a NEDD8-activating enzyme inhibitor, can modulate key cellular processes such as apoptosis, autophagy, and DNA damage repair.. However, its precise role and regulatory mechanisms in the context of Cis-AKI remain largely undefined.

    Article Title: Mac-1 Promotes Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Formation via ERK Phosphorylation in Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury
    Article Snippet: Proteins from kidney tissue, BMDN, or culture supernatant were extracted using radioimmunoprecipitation assay (RIPA) lysis buffer (20–188, Sigma-Aldrich, USA) supplemented with a protease and phosphatase inhibitor cocktail (P002, 1:100 dilutions, NCM Biotech, China). .. After SDS-PAGE and transfer to PVDF membranes, proteins were incubated overnight at 4 °C with primary antibodies, including NGAL (1:1000, AF1757, R&D Systems, USA), CitH3 (1:1000, ab5103, Abcam, USA), ERK1/2 (1:10,000, ab184699, Abcam, USA), and phospho-ERK1 (T202)/ERK2 (T185) (1:1000, ab201015, Abcam, USA). ..

    Incubation:

    Article Title: Mac-1 Promotes Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Formation via ERK Phosphorylation in Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury.
    Article Snippet: Proteins from kidney tissue, BMDN, or culture supernatant were extracted using radioimmunoprecipitation assay (RIPA) lysis buffer (20–188, Sigma-Aldrich, USA) supplemented with a protease and phosphatase inhibitor cocktail (P002, 1:100 dilutions, NCM Biotech, China). .. After SDS-PAGE and transfer to PVDF membranes, proteins were incubated overnight at 4 °C with primary antibodies, including NGAL (1:1000, AF1757, R&D Systems, USA), CitH3 (1:1000, ab5103, Abcam, USA), ERK1/2 (1:10,000, ab184699, Abcam, USA), and phospho-ERK1 (T202)/ERK2 (T185) (1:1000, ab201015, Abcam, USA). ..

    Article Title: The role of FAK in renal collecting duct in the progression from acute kidney injury to chronic kidney disease.
    Article Snippet: AKI and CKD are major global health problem, which closely connected and promote each other.. The mechanism may be related to maladaptive repair after renal tubular injury.. FAK is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase located at the intersection of multiple cell signal transduction pathways.

    Article Title: DUSP26 protects against acute kidney injury by dephosphorylating p53 at serine 312.
    Article Snippet: .. After blocking with 5% non-fat milk, membranes were incubated overnight at 4°C with primary antibodies (all diluted at 1:1000) against DUSP26 (Invitrogen, PA5-22013), p53 (Cell Signaling Technology, 2524S), p-p53 (S15) (Cell Signaling Technology, 9284S), p-p53 (S20) (Cell Signaling Technology, 9287T), p-p53 (S46) (Proteintech, 28960), cleaved caspase-3 (Cell Signaling Technology, 9664S), NGAL (R&D Systems, AF1857), KIM-1 (R&D Systems, AF1817), GAPDH (Proteintech, 10494), β-actin (Proteintech, 66009), DNMT1 (Cell Signaling Technology, 5032), DNMT3a (abcam, ab188470), DNMT3b (abcam, ab2851) and FLAG (Sigma-Aldrich, 102698217), as appropriate. .. After washing, membranes were incubated with HRP-conjugated secondary antibodies (1:5000; Proteintech).

    Article Title: Pharmacological role of MLN4924 in cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury.
    Article Snippet: Background: Cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury (Cis-AKI) is a major complication that limits the clinical use of cisplatin, largely due to its cytotoxic effects on renal tubular epithelial cells.. Recent studies have shown that MLN4924, a NEDD8-activating enzyme inhibitor, can modulate key cellular processes such as apoptosis, autophagy, and DNA damage repair.. However, its precise role and regulatory mechanisms in the context of Cis-AKI remain largely undefined.

    Article Title: DUSP26 protects against acute kidney injury by dephosphorylating p53 at serine 312
    Article Snippet: .. After blocking with 5% non-fat milk, membranes were incubated overnight at 4 °C with primary antibodies (all diluted at 1:1000) against DUSP26 (Invitrogen, PA5-22013), p53 (Cell Signaling Technology, 2524S), p-p53 (S15) (Cell Signaling Technology, 9284S), p-p53 (S20) (Cell Signaling Technology, 9287T), p-p53 (S46) (Proteintech, 28960), cleaved caspase-3 (Cell Signaling Technology, 9664S), NGAL (R&D Systems, AF1857), KIM-1 (R&D Systems, AF1817), GAPDH (Proteintech, 10494), β-actin (Proteintech, 66009), DNMT1 (Cell Signaling Technology, 5032), DNMT3a (abcam, ab188470), DNMT3b (abcam, ab2851) and FLAG (Sigma-Aldrich, 102698217), as appropriate. .. After washing, membranes were incubated with HRP-conjugated secondary antibodies (1:5000; Proteintech).

    Article Title: Mac-1 Promotes Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Formation via ERK Phosphorylation in Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury
    Article Snippet: Proteins from kidney tissue, BMDN, or culture supernatant were extracted using radioimmunoprecipitation assay (RIPA) lysis buffer (20–188, Sigma-Aldrich, USA) supplemented with a protease and phosphatase inhibitor cocktail (P002, 1:100 dilutions, NCM Biotech, China). .. After SDS-PAGE and transfer to PVDF membranes, proteins were incubated overnight at 4 °C with primary antibodies, including NGAL (1:1000, AF1757, R&D Systems, USA), CitH3 (1:1000, ab5103, Abcam, USA), ERK1/2 (1:10,000, ab184699, Abcam, USA), and phospho-ERK1 (T202)/ERK2 (T185) (1:1000, ab201015, Abcam, USA). ..

    Blocking Assay:

    Article Title: DUSP26 protects against acute kidney injury by dephosphorylating p53 at serine 312.
    Article Snippet: .. After blocking with 5% non-fat milk, membranes were incubated overnight at 4°C with primary antibodies (all diluted at 1:1000) against DUSP26 (Invitrogen, PA5-22013), p53 (Cell Signaling Technology, 2524S), p-p53 (S15) (Cell Signaling Technology, 9284S), p-p53 (S20) (Cell Signaling Technology, 9287T), p-p53 (S46) (Proteintech, 28960), cleaved caspase-3 (Cell Signaling Technology, 9664S), NGAL (R&D Systems, AF1857), KIM-1 (R&D Systems, AF1817), GAPDH (Proteintech, 10494), β-actin (Proteintech, 66009), DNMT1 (Cell Signaling Technology, 5032), DNMT3a (abcam, ab188470), DNMT3b (abcam, ab2851) and FLAG (Sigma-Aldrich, 102698217), as appropriate. .. After washing, membranes were incubated with HRP-conjugated secondary antibodies (1:5000; Proteintech).

    Article Title: Pharmacological role of MLN4924 in cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury.
    Article Snippet: Background: Cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury (Cis-AKI) is a major complication that limits the clinical use of cisplatin, largely due to its cytotoxic effects on renal tubular epithelial cells.. Recent studies have shown that MLN4924, a NEDD8-activating enzyme inhibitor, can modulate key cellular processes such as apoptosis, autophagy, and DNA damage repair.. However, its precise role and regulatory mechanisms in the context of Cis-AKI remain largely undefined.

    Article Title: DUSP26 protects against acute kidney injury by dephosphorylating p53 at serine 312
    Article Snippet: .. After blocking with 5% non-fat milk, membranes were incubated overnight at 4 °C with primary antibodies (all diluted at 1:1000) against DUSP26 (Invitrogen, PA5-22013), p53 (Cell Signaling Technology, 2524S), p-p53 (S15) (Cell Signaling Technology, 9284S), p-p53 (S20) (Cell Signaling Technology, 9287T), p-p53 (S46) (Proteintech, 28960), cleaved caspase-3 (Cell Signaling Technology, 9664S), NGAL (R&D Systems, AF1857), KIM-1 (R&D Systems, AF1817), GAPDH (Proteintech, 10494), β-actin (Proteintech, 66009), DNMT1 (Cell Signaling Technology, 5032), DNMT3a (abcam, ab188470), DNMT3b (abcam, ab2851) and FLAG (Sigma-Aldrich, 102698217), as appropriate. .. After washing, membranes were incubated with HRP-conjugated secondary antibodies (1:5000; Proteintech).



    Similar Products

    91
    Multi Sciences (Lianke) Biotech Co Ltd human lipocalin-2/ngal elisa kit
    Human Lipocalin 2/Ngal Elisa Kit, supplied by Multi Sciences (Lianke) Biotech Co Ltd, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 91/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/ngal/Human+Lipocalin-2%2FNGAL+ELISA+Kit/custom%40ek1116%4042476240
    Average 91 stars, based on 1 article reviews
    human lipocalin-2/ngal elisa kit - by Bioz Stars, 2026-09
    91/100 stars
      Buy from Supplier

    94
    Bio-Techne corporation mouse lipocalin-2/ngal quantikine elisa kit
    Mouse Lipocalin 2/Ngal Quantikine Elisa Kit, supplied by Bio-Techne corporation, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 94/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/ngal/Mouse+Lipocalin-2%2FNGAL+Quantikine+ELISA+Kit/custom%40mlcn20%4042105815
    Average 94 stars, based on 1 article reviews
    mouse lipocalin-2/ngal quantikine elisa kit - by Bioz Stars, 2026-09
    94/100 stars
      Buy from Supplier

    94
    ALPCO mouse ngal elisa kit
    Mouse Ngal Elisa Kit, supplied by ALPCO, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 94/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/ngal/NGAL+ELISA/pm42501833-132-34-39
    Average 94 stars, based on 1 article reviews
    mouse ngal elisa kit - by Bioz Stars, 2026-09
    94/100 stars
      Buy from Supplier

    94
    Sino Biological mouse recombinant lcn2
    Monomeric form of Ent can disseminate into systemic circulation. Serum was collected from male germ-free (GF) rats and GF rats co-housed (GFC) with conventional mice for 10 d (8 weeks old, n = 5–6) at Taconic Facility. Serum metabolites were extracted using standard procedures for targeted metabolomics profiling. The extracted samples were analyzed using HPLC coupled to Agilent 6495 QQQ mass spectrometry (LC–MS). Ent was quantified as its monomeric form 2, 3-dihydroxy benzoic acid (2, 3-DHBA). The data were normalized with internal standards and log2-transformed on a per-sample basis. (A) Ent spectra (B) Fold change in serum 2, 3-DHBA. Note: Trace amounts of 2, 3-DHBA in GF animal sera are likely to be from dead bacteria in the diet. (C) Fecal <t>Lcn2.</t> Results are expressed as mean ± SEM. *** p < 0.001.
    Mouse Recombinant Lcn2, supplied by Sino Biological, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 94/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/ngal/Mouse+LCN2+%2F+NGAL+Protein/pmc13114135-86-0-6
    Average 94 stars, based on 1 article reviews
    mouse recombinant lcn2 - by Bioz Stars, 2026-09
    94/100 stars
      Buy from Supplier

    95
    R&D Systems mouse lipocalin
    Monomeric form of Ent can disseminate into systemic circulation. Serum was collected from male germ-free (GF) rats and GF rats co-housed (GFC) with conventional mice for 10 d (8 weeks old, n = 5–6) at Taconic Facility. Serum metabolites were extracted using standard procedures for targeted metabolomics profiling. The extracted samples were analyzed using HPLC coupled to Agilent 6495 QQQ mass spectrometry (LC–MS). Ent was quantified as its monomeric form 2, 3-dihydroxy benzoic acid (2, 3-DHBA). The data were normalized with internal standards and log2-transformed on a per-sample basis. (A) Ent spectra (B) Fold change in serum 2, 3-DHBA. Note: Trace amounts of 2, 3-DHBA in GF animal sera are likely to be from dead bacteria in the diet. (C) Fecal <t>Lcn2.</t> Results are expressed as mean ± SEM. *** p < 0.001.
    Mouse Lipocalin, supplied by R&D Systems, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 95/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/ngal/Mouse+Lipocalin-2%2FNGAL+Quantikine+ELISA+Kit/pm41987381-41-19-23
    Average 95 stars, based on 1 article reviews
    mouse lipocalin - by Bioz Stars, 2026-09
    95/100 stars
      Buy from Supplier

    94
    Elabscience Biotechnology human ngal elisa kit
    Monomeric form of Ent can disseminate into systemic circulation. Serum was collected from male germ-free (GF) rats and GF rats co-housed (GFC) with conventional mice for 10 d (8 weeks old, n = 5–6) at Taconic Facility. Serum metabolites were extracted using standard procedures for targeted metabolomics profiling. The extracted samples were analyzed using HPLC coupled to Agilent 6495 QQQ mass spectrometry (LC–MS). Ent was quantified as its monomeric form 2, 3-dihydroxy benzoic acid (2, 3-DHBA). The data were normalized with internal standards and log2-transformed on a per-sample basis. (A) Ent spectra (B) Fold change in serum 2, 3-DHBA. Note: Trace amounts of 2, 3-DHBA in GF animal sera are likely to be from dead bacteria in the diet. (C) Fecal <t>Lcn2.</t> Results are expressed as mean ± SEM. *** p < 0.001.
    Human Ngal Elisa Kit, supplied by Elabscience Biotechnology, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 94/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/ngal/Human+NGAL+(Neutrophil+Gelatinase+Associated+Lipocalin)+ELISA+Kit/10__1016_slash_j__sna__2026__117803-75-50-55
    Average 94 stars, based on 1 article reviews
    human ngal elisa kit - by Bioz Stars, 2026-09
    94/100 stars
      Buy from Supplier

    94
    Elabscience Biotechnology elisa assays
    Monomeric form of Ent can disseminate into systemic circulation. Serum was collected from male germ-free (GF) rats and GF rats co-housed (GFC) with conventional mice for 10 d (8 weeks old, n = 5–6) at Taconic Facility. Serum metabolites were extracted using standard procedures for targeted metabolomics profiling. The extracted samples were analyzed using HPLC coupled to Agilent 6495 QQQ mass spectrometry (LC–MS). Ent was quantified as its monomeric form 2, 3-dihydroxy benzoic acid (2, 3-DHBA). The data were normalized with internal standards and log2-transformed on a per-sample basis. (A) Ent spectra (B) Fold change in serum 2, 3-DHBA. Note: Trace amounts of 2, 3-DHBA in GF animal sera are likely to be from dead bacteria in the diet. (C) Fecal <t>Lcn2.</t> Results are expressed as mean ± SEM. *** p < 0.001.
    Elisa Assays, supplied by Elabscience Biotechnology, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 94/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/ngal/Human+NGAL+(Neutrophil+Gelatinase+Associated+Lipocalin)+ELISA+Kit/10__1016_slash_j__sna__2026__117803-98-0-3
    Average 94 stars, based on 1 article reviews
    elisa assays - by Bioz Stars, 2026-09
    94/100 stars
      Buy from Supplier

    95
    R&D Systems sandwich elisa kit
    Monomeric form of Ent can disseminate into systemic circulation. Serum was collected from male germ-free (GF) rats and GF rats co-housed (GFC) with conventional mice for 10 d (8 weeks old, n = 5–6) at Taconic Facility. Serum metabolites were extracted using standard procedures for targeted metabolomics profiling. The extracted samples were analyzed using HPLC coupled to Agilent 6495 QQQ mass spectrometry (LC–MS). Ent was quantified as its monomeric form 2, 3-dihydroxy benzoic acid (2, 3-DHBA). The data were normalized with internal standards and log2-transformed on a per-sample basis. (A) Ent spectra (B) Fold change in serum 2, 3-DHBA. Note: Trace amounts of 2, 3-DHBA in GF animal sera are likely to be from dead bacteria in the diet. (C) Fecal <t>Lcn2.</t> Results are expressed as mean ± SEM. *** p < 0.001.
    Sandwich Elisa Kit, supplied by R&D Systems, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 95/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/ngal/Human+Lipocalin-2%2FNGAL+DuoSet+ELISA/pm41977338-168-8-13
    Average 95 stars, based on 1 article reviews
    sandwich elisa kit - by Bioz Stars, 2026-09
    95/100 stars
      Buy from Supplier

    99
    Bio-Techne corporation human lipocalin-2/ngal duoset elisa
    Monomeric form of Ent can disseminate into systemic circulation. Serum was collected from male germ-free (GF) rats and GF rats co-housed (GFC) with conventional mice for 10 d (8 weeks old, n = 5–6) at Taconic Facility. Serum metabolites were extracted using standard procedures for targeted metabolomics profiling. The extracted samples were analyzed using HPLC coupled to Agilent 6495 QQQ mass spectrometry (LC–MS). Ent was quantified as its monomeric form 2, 3-dihydroxy benzoic acid (2, 3-DHBA). The data were normalized with internal standards and log2-transformed on a per-sample basis. (A) Ent spectra (B) Fold change in serum 2, 3-DHBA. Note: Trace amounts of 2, 3-DHBA in GF animal sera are likely to be from dead bacteria in the diet. (C) Fecal <t>Lcn2.</t> Results are expressed as mean ± SEM. *** p < 0.001.
    Human Lipocalin 2/Ngal Duoset Elisa, supplied by Bio-Techne corporation, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 99/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/ngal/Human+Lipocalin-2%2FNGAL+DuoSet+ELISA/custom%40dy1757%4041977338
    Average 99 stars, based on 1 article reviews
    human lipocalin-2/ngal duoset elisa - by Bioz Stars, 2026-09
    99/100 stars
      Buy from Supplier

    Image Search Results


    Monomeric form of Ent can disseminate into systemic circulation. Serum was collected from male germ-free (GF) rats and GF rats co-housed (GFC) with conventional mice for 10 d (8 weeks old, n = 5–6) at Taconic Facility. Serum metabolites were extracted using standard procedures for targeted metabolomics profiling. The extracted samples were analyzed using HPLC coupled to Agilent 6495 QQQ mass spectrometry (LC–MS). Ent was quantified as its monomeric form 2, 3-dihydroxy benzoic acid (2, 3-DHBA). The data were normalized with internal standards and log2-transformed on a per-sample basis. (A) Ent spectra (B) Fold change in serum 2, 3-DHBA. Note: Trace amounts of 2, 3-DHBA in GF animal sera are likely to be from dead bacteria in the diet. (C) Fecal Lcn2. Results are expressed as mean ± SEM. *** p < 0.001.

    Journal: Gut Microbes

    Article Title: Microbial metabolite Enterobactin impairs mitochondrial respiration and alleviates colitis

    doi: 10.1080/19490976.2026.2662638

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Monomeric form of Ent can disseminate into systemic circulation. Serum was collected from male germ-free (GF) rats and GF rats co-housed (GFC) with conventional mice for 10 d (8 weeks old, n = 5–6) at Taconic Facility. Serum metabolites were extracted using standard procedures for targeted metabolomics profiling. The extracted samples were analyzed using HPLC coupled to Agilent 6495 QQQ mass spectrometry (LC–MS). Ent was quantified as its monomeric form 2, 3-dihydroxy benzoic acid (2, 3-DHBA). The data were normalized with internal standards and log2-transformed on a per-sample basis. (A) Ent spectra (B) Fold change in serum 2, 3-DHBA. Note: Trace amounts of 2, 3-DHBA in GF animal sera are likely to be from dead bacteria in the diet. (C) Fecal Lcn2. Results are expressed as mean ± SEM. *** p < 0.001.

    Article Snippet: Mouse recombinant Lcn2 was purchased from Sino Biological Inc. (50060-MNAH).

    Techniques: Mass Spectrometry, Liquid Chromatography with Mass Spectroscopy, Transformation Assay, Bacteria

    Ent exacerbates mitochondrial dysfunction in Lcn2 −/− BMDMs and is rescued by rec-Lcn2. BMDMs were isolated from wild-type (WT) and Lcn2-deficient (Lcn2 −/− ) mice to assess mitochondrial function using a Seahorse XF Analyzer. (A and B) Oxygen consumption rate (OCR) was measured (C) BMDMs were treated with Ent alone or in combination with ferric iron (1:1 ratio) for 24 h to assess the impact on mitochondrial respiration. (D) Quantification of key mitochondrial parameters revealed that Ent treatment significantly reduced basal respiration, ATP production, maximal respiration, proton leak, and spare respiratory capacity in Lcn2KO BMDMs (E) Mito-respiration was measured with Ent, rec-Lcn2 or both. (F) Cotreatment with rec-Lcn2 on basal respiration, maximal respiration, ATP production, and spare respiratory capacity indicating OCR. (G) Iron-chelating activity was assessed in the supernatants using the chrome azurol S (CAS) liquid assay. Control reactions included Ent alone, and rec-Lcn2 alone. (H) Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured using MitoSOX™ Red staining followed by flow cytometry analysis. Data represent mean ± SEM. Statistical significance was determined using unpaired Student’s t -test or one-way ANOVA where appropriate (* p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, and **** p < 0.0001).

    Journal: Gut Microbes

    Article Title: Microbial metabolite Enterobactin impairs mitochondrial respiration and alleviates colitis

    doi: 10.1080/19490976.2026.2662638

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Ent exacerbates mitochondrial dysfunction in Lcn2 −/− BMDMs and is rescued by rec-Lcn2. BMDMs were isolated from wild-type (WT) and Lcn2-deficient (Lcn2 −/− ) mice to assess mitochondrial function using a Seahorse XF Analyzer. (A and B) Oxygen consumption rate (OCR) was measured (C) BMDMs were treated with Ent alone or in combination with ferric iron (1:1 ratio) for 24 h to assess the impact on mitochondrial respiration. (D) Quantification of key mitochondrial parameters revealed that Ent treatment significantly reduced basal respiration, ATP production, maximal respiration, proton leak, and spare respiratory capacity in Lcn2KO BMDMs (E) Mito-respiration was measured with Ent, rec-Lcn2 or both. (F) Cotreatment with rec-Lcn2 on basal respiration, maximal respiration, ATP production, and spare respiratory capacity indicating OCR. (G) Iron-chelating activity was assessed in the supernatants using the chrome azurol S (CAS) liquid assay. Control reactions included Ent alone, and rec-Lcn2 alone. (H) Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured using MitoSOX™ Red staining followed by flow cytometry analysis. Data represent mean ± SEM. Statistical significance was determined using unpaired Student’s t -test or one-way ANOVA where appropriate (* p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, and **** p < 0.0001).

    Article Snippet: Mouse recombinant Lcn2 was purchased from Sino Biological Inc. (50060-MNAH).

    Techniques: Isolation, Activity Assay, Control, Staining, Flow Cytometry

    Ent impairs mitochondrial respiration in model intestinal epithelia. Caco-2, intestinal epithelial cells (IEC), were treated with iron-free Ent (25 μM) or iron-bound Ent-Fe³⁺ (25 μM; 1:1 ratio) or Fe +3 alone and assessed mitochondrial function. (A) Mitochondrial respiration was evaluated using the Seahorse XF Analyzer by measuring oxygen consumption rate (OCR). (B) Basal and maximal respiration, ATP-linked respiration, proton leak and spare respiratory capacity (C) Mito-respiration was measured with Ent, rec-Lcn2, or both. (D) IEC were treated with 25 µM Ent for 24 h and total cellular proteins were analyzed by immunoblotting using antibodies against key subunits of the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) complexes I–V of electron transport chain. Densitometry scanning of complex II (E) Immunoblots of Hif1α, p -AMPK, total AMPK, and loading control β-actin (F and G) IEC were treated with 25 µM enterobactin for 24 h, and mitochondrial ROS levels were assessed using MitoSOX™ Red dye followed by flow cytometry analysis. Data represent mean ± SEM from at least three independent experiments. Statistical significance was determined using one-way ANOVA where appropriate (* p < 0.05 and ** p < 0.01).

    Journal: Gut Microbes

    Article Title: Microbial metabolite Enterobactin impairs mitochondrial respiration and alleviates colitis

    doi: 10.1080/19490976.2026.2662638

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Ent impairs mitochondrial respiration in model intestinal epithelia. Caco-2, intestinal epithelial cells (IEC), were treated with iron-free Ent (25 μM) or iron-bound Ent-Fe³⁺ (25 μM; 1:1 ratio) or Fe +3 alone and assessed mitochondrial function. (A) Mitochondrial respiration was evaluated using the Seahorse XF Analyzer by measuring oxygen consumption rate (OCR). (B) Basal and maximal respiration, ATP-linked respiration, proton leak and spare respiratory capacity (C) Mito-respiration was measured with Ent, rec-Lcn2, or both. (D) IEC were treated with 25 µM Ent for 24 h and total cellular proteins were analyzed by immunoblotting using antibodies against key subunits of the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) complexes I–V of electron transport chain. Densitometry scanning of complex II (E) Immunoblots of Hif1α, p -AMPK, total AMPK, and loading control β-actin (F and G) IEC were treated with 25 µM enterobactin for 24 h, and mitochondrial ROS levels were assessed using MitoSOX™ Red dye followed by flow cytometry analysis. Data represent mean ± SEM from at least three independent experiments. Statistical significance was determined using one-way ANOVA where appropriate (* p < 0.05 and ** p < 0.01).

    Article Snippet: Mouse recombinant Lcn2 was purchased from Sino Biological Inc. (50060-MNAH).

    Techniques: Western Blot, Phospho-proteomics, Control, Flow Cytometry

    Therapeutic oral administration of 2, 3-DHBA is effective in protecting against DSS-induced pathology than 2, 5-DHBA. Eight-weeks-old male C57BL/6J mice (WT, n = 3–5) were administered with 2% DSS in drinking water for 7 d, confirmed that mice were rectally bleeding. DSS water was replaced with regular water. Control mice were given regular water. After the cessation of DSS (i.e., during recovery phase), mice were administered with either 2, 3-dihydroxybenzoic acid (2, 3-DHBA) or 2, 5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (2, 5-DHBA: 500 µg/mouse, orally) or PBS for 7 d. Feces and blood were collected for the isolation of hemolysis-free serum. Intestinal barrier function was assessed via FITC-dextran administered 4 h before euthanasia. (A) Schematic representation of the experiment (B) Percent body weight loss/gain; (C) Gross colon images (D) Colon length (E) % Spleen weight (F) % Cecum weight (G) Serum fluorescence (H) Serum Lcn2 (I) Fecal Lcn2 (J) Serum KC (K) Colonic MPO. Data are presented as mean ± SEM from at least three independent experiments or biological replicates. Statistical comparisons were performed using one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test (* p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, and *** p < 0.001).

    Journal: Gut Microbes

    Article Title: Microbial metabolite Enterobactin impairs mitochondrial respiration and alleviates colitis

    doi: 10.1080/19490976.2026.2662638

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Therapeutic oral administration of 2, 3-DHBA is effective in protecting against DSS-induced pathology than 2, 5-DHBA. Eight-weeks-old male C57BL/6J mice (WT, n = 3–5) were administered with 2% DSS in drinking water for 7 d, confirmed that mice were rectally bleeding. DSS water was replaced with regular water. Control mice were given regular water. After the cessation of DSS (i.e., during recovery phase), mice were administered with either 2, 3-dihydroxybenzoic acid (2, 3-DHBA) or 2, 5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (2, 5-DHBA: 500 µg/mouse, orally) or PBS for 7 d. Feces and blood were collected for the isolation of hemolysis-free serum. Intestinal barrier function was assessed via FITC-dextran administered 4 h before euthanasia. (A) Schematic representation of the experiment (B) Percent body weight loss/gain; (C) Gross colon images (D) Colon length (E) % Spleen weight (F) % Cecum weight (G) Serum fluorescence (H) Serum Lcn2 (I) Fecal Lcn2 (J) Serum KC (K) Colonic MPO. Data are presented as mean ± SEM from at least three independent experiments or biological replicates. Statistical comparisons were performed using one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test (* p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, and *** p < 0.001).

    Article Snippet: Mouse recombinant Lcn2 was purchased from Sino Biological Inc. (50060-MNAH).

    Techniques: Control, Isolation, Fluorescence